Which field studies the structure of individual cells?

• A. Histology
• B. Cytology
• C. Gross Anatomy
• D. Anatomical Position

Answer: (B)

Cytology is the study of cells themselves—their size, shape, internal structures like the nucleus and organelles, and how these parts work together. It uses microscopy to examine single cells and compare differences across cell types. Histology looks at tissues, which are groups of cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix organized into functional units, so it’s more about cells in context rather than individual cell structure. Gross anatomy deals with organs and body parts at a macroscopic level, not at the cellular level. An anatomical position is just a standard reference stance used for describing locations, not a field of study. So focusing on single-cell structure is exactly what cytology investigates.