Which hormone elevates blood calcium by promoting osteoclast activity?

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Multiple Choice

Which hormone elevates blood calcium by promoting osteoclast activity?

The main idea is how calcium in the blood is raised through bone remodeling and kidney/gut handling. Parathyroid hormone is the primary regulator that increases blood calcium by promoting osteoclast activity. It does this indirectly by signaling osteoblast lineage cells to raise RANKL and lower osteoprotegerin, which encourages osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. As osteoclasts break down bone, calcium is released into the bloodstream. PTH also boosts kidney calcium reabsorption and stimulates production of active vitamin D, which increases intestinal calcium absorption. By contrast, calcitonin lowers calcium by inhibiting osteoclasts, while growth hormone and vitamin D influence bone and calcium balance in other ways, not primarily by driving osteoclast-mediated release of calcium.

The main idea is how calcium in the blood is raised through bone remodeling and kidney/gut handling. Parathyroid hormone is the primary regulator that increases blood calcium by promoting osteoclast activity. It does this indirectly by signaling osteoblast lineage cells to raise RANKL and lower osteoprotegerin, which encourages osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. As osteoclasts break down bone, calcium is released into the bloodstream. PTH also boosts kidney calcium reabsorption and stimulates production of active vitamin D, which increases intestinal calcium absorption. By contrast, calcitonin lowers calcium by inhibiting osteoclasts, while growth hormone and vitamin D influence bone and calcium balance in other ways, not primarily by driving osteoclast-mediated release of calcium.

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